Astronomer
Astronomers study the origin and make-up of the universe, including its planets, stars, galaxies and black holes.
Average annual salary (starting - experienced): £15,000 - £60,000
Typical hours (a week): 39 - 41
How to become an astronomer
You can get into this job through:
- a university course
University
You'll need a degree and postgraduate qualification to work as an astronomer. Your degree will usually need to be a first or upper second-class.
Relevant subjects include:
- maths
- physics
- astrophysics
- geophysics
- astronomy
- space science
You can also do an extended 4-year degree to get a postgraduate qualification like a master of physics. These courses include more independent research and can lead directly onto a PhD.
Many employers will expect you to have completed, or be working towards, a PhD in your specialist area of interest.
University (Entry requirements)
You'll usually need:
- 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C), or equivalent, including English, maths and science
- 2 or 3 A levels, or equivalent, including maths and physics
- a degree in a relevant subject for postgraduate study
More info
Further information You'll find more advice on careers in astronomy from the Royal Astronomical Society and SpaceCareers.uk.
What it takes
Skills & Knowledge
You'll need:
- maths knowledge
- knowledge of physics
- analytical thinking skills
- science skills
- excellent verbal communication skills
- the ability to use your initiative
- the ability to think clearly using logic and reasoning
- concentration skills
- to be able to use a computer and the main software packages competently
What you'll do
Day to day
In observational astronomy, your duties might include:
- collecting and analysing data from satellites and spacecraft
- exploring space using radio and optical telescopes
- designing new instruments and maintaining existing equipment
- developing software to interpret images and data captured by satellites
In theoretical astronomy, your duties may include:
- creating computer models to test theories about processes happening in space
- analysing the results of past observations to make new predictions
- making observations and developing theories
- analysing data to help build our understanding of events in the universe
Working environment
You could work in an observatory, in a laboratory or at a university.
Career path and progression
Career path & progression
With experience, you could move into related careers like aerospace or satellite research and development. You could also use your skills in systems analysis, software engineering, teaching, scientific journalism or accountancy.
